The Music of Childish Gambino Essay Example For Students

The Music of Childish Gambino Essay Although he has only been on the rise for the last few years now, Childish Gambino’s style has managed to drastically change. His genre has shifted from being hardcore and in your face rap that is in his first record label albums â€Å"Royalty† and â€Å"Camp†, to what some would choose to label as indie or alternative rap in his most recent album â€Å"Because of the Internet†. It seems like in his earlier albums he was making an attempt to break away from his acting and comedy career as Donald Glover, by being an overly aggressive and offensive rapper. It is easy to see why he would do this since he has had such a successful career in entertainment outside of music. From writing script for the hit NBC show â€Å"30 Rock† and starring on NBC’s comedy show â€Å"Community†, he has accomplished a lot. This meant he really had to come out swinging in order to break out of his own shadow. His new album however gives off the feeling that he is trying to be himself, and establish who he actually is as an artist. The change in his style and sound is easily noticed and has not hurt his success yet. We will write a custom essay on The Music of Childish Gambino specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Like most rappers, Childish Gambino is not particularly timid. He holds absolutely no restraint when it comes to what he says or raps. He is obscene, combative, and his beats are in your face. The melodies are artistic in their own way, but are still pretty much what you expect from rap music. This is the version of Childish Gambino you get in his first albums produced from a record label, â€Å"Royalty† and â€Å"Camp†. â€Å"Royalty† is an album that features a different artist in almost every song on it. â€Å"Camp†, on the other hand, is entirely him, featuring another artist here and there. Even in these earlier albums it is easy to tell that he is not a normal rapper like the ones you hear on the radio occasionally. His style is indisputably unique and his lyrics are astonishingly clever. This is immensely apparent in his newest album â€Å"Because of the Internet†. His sound can be described best as different. He catches you off guard with this different direction he has gone in, but it is not that he changed everything about himself. The beats in his songs have remained heavy and exceedingly mind numbing. Each song is catchy and chalked full of its own personal mixture of wit and humor, just as we have come to expect from him, but, he seems to have this whole new air about him. It is not that he has found confidence in himself or anything like that, but more like he has decided who he wants to be as a rapper and an artist. Some people choose to label him as this new genre of indie or alternative rap, and they are not wrong. Especially since the album came with a short film that he wrote, produced, and starred in called â€Å"Clapping For No Reason†. He’s decided to be himself, and this album is proof that being himself will work for him. Childish Gambino’s change in genre is obviously not subtle, all you need is his lyrics to see that. He started his music career being humorously vulgar and fitting the hip hop mold flawlessly. Now his lyrics are deep and unusually thought provoking with a sprinkle of profanity that effortlessly emphasizes his points. Comparing the two phases shows that both work well, but being himself has really let his creativity out. There is no doubt that fans will follow him no matter where he decides to go now after this phenomenal display of versatility. .u3e76fbe6e6b5fc975a786dd42b8c3ac0 , .u3e76fbe6e6b5fc975a786dd42b8c3ac0 .postImageUrl , .u3e76fbe6e6b5fc975a786dd42b8c3ac0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3e76fbe6e6b5fc975a786dd42b8c3ac0 , .u3e76fbe6e6b5fc975a786dd42b8c3ac0:hover , .u3e76fbe6e6b5fc975a786dd42b8c3ac0:visited , .u3e76fbe6e6b5fc975a786dd42b8c3ac0:active { border:0!important; } .u3e76fbe6e6b5fc975a786dd42b8c3ac0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3e76fbe6e6b5fc975a786dd42b8c3ac0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3e76fbe6e6b5fc975a786dd42b8c3ac0:active , .u3e76fbe6e6b5fc975a786dd42b8c3ac0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3e76fbe6e6b5fc975a786dd42b8c3ac0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3e76fbe6e6b5fc975a786dd42b8c3ac0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3e76fbe6e6b5fc975a786dd42b8c3ac0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3e76fbe6e6b5fc975a786dd42b8c3ac0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3e76fbe6e6b5fc975a786dd42b8c3ac0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3e76fbe6e6b5fc975a786dd42b8c3ac0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3e76fbe6e6b5fc975a786dd42b8c3ac0 .u3e76fbe6e6b5fc975a786dd42b8c3ac0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3e76fbe6e6b5fc975a786dd42b8c3ac0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Punk movement as a reaction to stagnant music scene of the 70s EssaySo, even though he has only been on the music scene for the last few years now, Childish Gambino’s style has been able to adapt to what he wants it to be. Whether it is his genre from being more like the normal, hardcore, radio rapper in his albums â€Å"Royalty† and â€Å"Camp†, or whatever new genre he decides to call this in his most recent album â€Å"Because of the Internet†. It seems like in his earlier albums he was making an attempt to break away from his acting and comedy career by being an overly aggressive and offensive rapper. It is easy to see why he would do this since he has had such a successful career in entertainment outside of music. From writing for â€Å"Thirty rock† and starring on the show â€Å"Community† he has accomplished a lot, so he really had to come out swinging in order to break out of his own shadow. His new album however gives off the feeling that he is trying to be himself, and establish who he actually is as an artist. The change in his style and sound is easily noticed and has not hurt his success yet.

The JSEC Essays

The JSEC Essays The JSEC Essay The JSEC Essay Also, Just like every other official business, you have to secure business permits, pay taxes and rent, and provide salary for your employees. At first glance, SEC looks Just Like every other university cafeteria with Its general layout of different stalls sitting right next to each other, tables, and people. It seems Like a regular food place where the students of the Atone regularly hang out. However, SEC is not only a venue for great food choices: Its also the home of the stereotypes. SEC is stereotypically seen as the domain of the John Koenig School of Management SMOG) majors; the arena of the future businessmen and businesswomen of our nation. They are regarded as the elitists and burghs; they rule the SEC scene. And with the prevalence of SOME people in SEC, the stereotypes attached to these students have also rubbed off to the place, pinning SEC with its very own stereotypes. SEC has become known to be the tambala or hangout place of the cool crowd; therefore, earning the name: SEC crowd. The SEC crowd is where you will usually see boys who sport polo shirts or v-necks, chino shorts, and boat shoes; girls dressed n skater skirts or cropped tops; and groups of friends facing their branded devices. These people are dressed to impress and are seemingly ready to party: thus, giving birth to the SEC outfit. And lastly, the thing that has become so famous that it has been boxed up to a certain stereotype associated with SEC: the canyon people. These are the people who use an irritating tone while speaking Carbon English or Digitalis. Some of them overly abuse the words like or though during their entire discourse. They are usually divided into two: the people who do it because they are bilingual and tend to code witch for easier flow of ideas; or the people who do It because they want to sound cool. So by looking more closely at the scene, youll see that a grand show Is happening before your eyes: but the star of the show Is not the food; It Is the people. What Is really cooked in that place are the stereotypes and the culture spiced up by the people who dominate the scene. The SEC By Catamaran is called the John Koenig School of Management Student Enterprise Center, or unique and non-mainstream proposals; because there are plenty of applicants and the SOME. Also, Just like every other official business, you have to secure business At first glance, SEC looks Just like every other university cafeteria with its general like a regular food place where the students of the Atone regularly hang out. However, SEC is not only a venue for great food choices; its also the home of the switch for easier flow of ideas; or the people who do it because they want to sound So by looking more closely at the scene, youll see that a grand show is happening before your eyes: but the star of the show is not the food; it is the people.

Top 10 Writing Apps for Android Smartphones

Top 10 Writing Apps for Android Smartphones Top 10 Writing Apps for Android Smartphones Top 10 Writing Apps for Android Smartphones By Daniel Scocco Today’s modern writer doesn’t always have time to sit down at his desktop and write. With more and more writers living the digital nomad style, there is a major demand for technology that can help. If you are an Android user, here are 13 writing apps that you should know about. 1. Dictionary.com App This one is pretty self-explanatory. Even the best writers make spelling mistakes from time to time. Whether you are writing professionally or casually, clarifying the spelling or meaning of a word is important and nothing to be ashamed of. The Dictionary.com app boasts 2 million definitions and synonyms and it is guaranteed to help you stay up to date on the words you use. 2. DropBox Before you question the addition of DropBox, you need to understand why it is an important app for writers. Writers often work on multiple devices and being able to access your files across all of them is essential. DropBox offers you a seamless cloud experience, the ability to edit your word files, and so much more. As a writer myself, I’ve been a paying customer for nearly 3 years now and will continue to use it. 3. Monospace Monospace might not look like much, but it offers one of the best barebones experiences you will find. If you value a minimalist writing style that allows you to do the basics, like bold, italics, strikethrough, bullets, quotes, and sizing, then this is the perfect writing app for you. What makes Monospace so good at what it does is that it trims away all of the unnecessary fat that other writing apps are bloated with. 4. JotterPad JotterPad, like Monospace, is a plain text editor that is capable of helping you write on the go. This writing app is a favorite amongst creative writers because of its simple style. It also features a dictionary, which will help you stay on top of those nasty typos. 5. Writer Plus Writer Plus doesn’t shy away from what it really is, a simplified word processor. This no-frills word processor will allow you to write down your ideas, but not much else. One of the best features Writer Plus has is the support of keyboard shortcuts like undo, redo, and more. You can also save and share files with your friends, which makes it the ideal program to use if you are collaborating with others. 6. Microsoft Word What kind of Android writing app list would this be if we didn’t include Microsoft Word? Microsoft Word is arguably the most robust writing program on the market. It boasts a slew of features, some of which you may never use, but just having them is nice. Because this app is designed by Microsoft, it comes with a lot of extra functionality. For example, you can edit all Office docs, old and new, and it can even edit docs that are attached to emails. This is the perfect app to use if you need something a little more professional than Monospace or JotterPad. 7. ColorNote If you need something a little simpler than a traditional word processor, ColorNote is what you are looking for. What makes ColorNote ideal is the way that it lets you take quick notes and color code them. This will allow you to organize your projects. Another underrated feature of ColorNote is the password system it provides you with. If you are taking notes that contain sensitive information, simply put a password on the note to protect it. 8. Simple Note Maybe you want something less colorful than ColorNote? Try Simple Note. Simple Note is lightweight, fast, and you can pin your notes to specific pages on your phone. This is my personal go-to note-taking app and has been for the last 2 years. 9. Evernote Evernote takes note-taking to the next level. This feature-rich app allows you to take notes, organize them, format them, and so much more. One of the best Evernote features is its ability to clip web pages, images, and PDF files. The program also syncs with your computer, allowing you to create notes that you can share across all platforms. If you are working in groups, you can share your Evernote files with your friends and colleagues. 10. INKredible – Handwriting Note INKredible certainly isn’t the most useful of the Android apps mentioned. However, it does allow you to take handwritten notes if you prefer to take your notes in an old-fashioned way. The developers of this app decided to create a distraction free experience, meaning that you will not have to fight with a clunky UI to take your notes. This application works best on tablets due to their larger screens. Personal Preference In the end, personal preference is everything. Some people love feature-rich apps, while others prefer plain text word processors. If you think we missed an important Android writing app, let us know in the comments below. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Freelance Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:10 Rules for Writing Numbers and NumeralsTry to vs. Try andWhat’s the Best Way to Refer to a Romantic Partner?

Deming's 14 points Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Deming's 14 points - Assignment Example Deming makes clear that ‘defect detection’ and ‘defect prevention’ are preludes to the continuous improvement process. An optimal defect detection system would not operate on the misplaced assumption that increasing the quantity of tests (mass inspection) would automatically â€Å"decrease the variability of the quality characteristics of products and services.† Likewise, a robust defect prevention system would not consider ‘zero defects’ as the ultimate hallmark of quality. Instead it would take into account the concept of ‘entropy’ in the life-cycle of a product and device methods for mitigating it. Continuous Improvement is basically looked at as the â€Å"ongoing reduction of process (unit-to-unit) variation, even within specification limits†. It is impinged on the fact that by reducing unit-to-unit variation around the nominal value the incurred production costs are also reduced. The SDSA Cycle stands for Standardize-Do-Study-Act, which is a technique for standardization of a process. The first key step toward standardization is identification of â€Å"best practice methods with key indicators of process performance†. Consensus among employees involved in the process is important. Hence a commonly agreed flowchart of the process is followed by all to ensure consistency. In the second stage (Do) trials and experiments are run on the standardized best practice methods. Following this, in the Study stage of the SDSA Cycle, the efficacy of the best practice methods are evaluated through an analysis of key parameters. Finally, in the Act stage of the cycle, managers attempt to ‘formalize’ the best practice methods that have stood the scrutiny of trials. But in order to materialize and enhance the best practice methods thus formalized the management will have to follow through the PDSA cycle. The PDSA cycle stands for Plan-Do-Study-Act. Its purpose is to aid the management in â€Å"improving and innovating

Week 3-Individual small Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Week 3-Individual small - Assignment Example nvolved in the creation of Affordable Care Act mainly include reviewing whether there lays the necessity of making any sort of change in the current health insurance plans and identifying the new subsidies that may help in providing any sort of financial assistance among others. In contrast, the steps followed in the generation of Clinton Healthcare Reforms generally included making healthcare coverage plans that are affordable to all, making quality improvements in treatment procedures and bringing simplicity in the procedure among others (Cannan, 2013). It can be affirmed that the step of communicating the Americans about the message about the affordability of effective healthcare insurance plans eventually contributed in making the failure of Clinton Healthcare Reforms. Conversely, the step i.e. modernizing as well as upgrading the existing healthcare system in the US eventually emerged as one of the success factors of Affordable Care Act (Cannan, 2013). The stakeholders of both Clinton Healthcare Reforms and Affordable Care Act can be ascertained as corporate leaders, industry shareholders along with centrist academics and most vitally the community members prevailing within varied societies in the US (Cannan, 2013). The Institute for HealthCare Consumerism. (2014). What is the difference between Obama and Clintons health care plans? Retrieved from

Holy War The Islamic And Christian Context Religion Essay

Holy War The Islamic And Christian Context Religion Essay For centuries Christians and Muslims have fiercely engaged in battles and wars because they believed they will be rewarded by God for waging war in his name. In recent times we have become very familiar with the Jihad; as the media has covered this topic extensively after the September 11 attack that took place in the United States. This act of terror made the Islamic community a focal point of the media, which educated the populace on the violence of Islam or as they choose to call it Holy War. The truth is that, Islam is not the only religion that has committed violence in the name of God. Christianity also has its history of violence and Holy Wars, they were called the Crusades. There were three main reasons given for the Crusades; Rescuing fellow Christians from Invasion and persecution, Conquering or retaking lands in the possession of other religions and fulfilling personal vows to go on a crusade (The Crusades 1). Today we refer to Holy wars as Killing in Gods name, but war an d religion have gone hand in hand for centuries. People go to battle after praying and making sacrifices to God, making them believe that God is on their side because they are fighting for his cause. An example is when Joshua destroyed the Anakites in the Bible. Involving God in such violent acts is not supposed to make a war holy. Fight in the cause of Allah those who fight you but do not transgress limitsAnd slay them wherever ye catch them. And turn them out from where they have turned you out; for persecution is worse than slaughter; but fight them not at the sacred Mosque unless they (first) fight you there; but if they fight you, slay them. Such is the reward of those who reject faith. But if they cease, Allah is oft-forgiving, most Merciful. And fight them on until there is no more persecution. And the religion becomes Allahs. But if they cease, let there be no hostility except to those who practice oppression (The Quran, Surah 2:190-193). The Quran is the holy book of Islam; the above quote is from the Quran it encourages the Holy war. Partly this explains the numerous battles the Muslims were involved in few centuries ago, fortunately in modern times the Jihad is no longer carried on a large scale as compared to the past but there are still some exceptional cases. The Hadith is another important book in Islam and it is second to the Quran. The Hadith contains the recorded sayings and deeds of the Prophet Muhammad and he encourages the Jihad, saying that anyone who dies fighting for Allah will be rewarded, by going to paradise. Many of these sayings have been interpreted in different ways and people have acted according to these interpretations which have lead to brutality and wars. Although in this modern age, with the help of globalization and westernization the frequency and scale of religious wars have declined over time. However, a small percentage of Muslims, the extremists and anti -western ones still dwell on the verses in the Quran that talk about war, conflict and violence. This is what has lead to terrorism and suicide bombings in recent times. In addition, the duty of all Muslims is to do the utmost against those who do not believe in Allah, this was meant for nearest enemies of Muslims but as more Foes arose with time, the statements supporting the Jihad were updated. (Holy War 123) The Muslims are acting according to what they read in their Holy books, most do not feel remorseful for whatever damage they have caused because they believe this are divine instructions of the holy book. Today we do not hesitate to link the word Jihad which means struggle in Arabic to Terrorism, especially after the September 11 attacks. Religious wars and violence happen in some other countries like Nigeria which is one of the most religious countries in the world. In Nigeria, Muslims and Christians clash frequently, fighting and rioting over one problem or the other, but yet the opposing religions know very little about each others believes. Religious wars in Nigeria are fueled by ignorance, tribalism, poverty, politics and struggle for pow er. Another country that has experienced religious war this modern time is India; with a high population of Hindu, a small number of Muslims and a few Christians. Approximately hundred Christians were killed in a recent religious battles and another ten thousand left without a roofs over their head, telling us that religious wars may have reduced but still occurs in some societies. Furthermore, there are two forms of Jihad the greater and lesser Jihad. The phrase internal Jihad or greater Jihad refers to the efforts of a believer to live their Muslim faith as well as possible (Internal Jihad1).This definition is thus because after a battle the prophet said this We are finished with the lesser jihad; now we are starting the greater jihad. He explained to his followers that fighting against an outer enemy is the lesser jihad and fighting against ones self is the greater jihad. (Holy war) This means that the lesser Jihad will refer to the struggle against Unbelievers. Muslims set a great effort to live the way Allah instructed them, the personal Jihad has to do with the teachings while the Jihad against unbelievers is the Practical. However, some scholars find the Quran teachings of morality and encouragement of violence very contradictory. Many historians believe that the true meaning of Lesser Jihad does not necessary encourage fighting and brutality but states that Muslim should take a stand for their religion only when Islam is threatened. The misinterpretation of the lesser jihad, as a cause or reason to fight and engage in violence and brutality does not make it holy. If Islam is not threatened and Muslims wage war against non-believers then this cannot be referred to as Lesser Jihad. Over the years various people have interpreted the Quran, their interpretations were influenced by the struggles that they were experiencing at that time. Factors such as oppression, depression, anger, suffering, hunger for power, hatred and other factors have influenced the interpreters perception of the scriptures. For instance, the Taliban strict and extreme version of Islam has even made other Muslim countries view the Ta liban with suspicion. Osama Bin Laden, the leader of the terrorist group Al Qaeda has quoted the Quran on several occasions to justify their violent actions on the west. Political leaders use religion to convince and justify their selfish desires. Using religion makes their argument convincing because they twist and interpreted the scriptures to serve the purpose and believers easily embrace them and believe it is just. Al Qaeda has used suicide bombing as tactics for attacks and the Quran forbids this. (burk /Norton) By large, Christianity is a religion that preaches peace but the record of killings and destruction in the past is contradictory to its teachings. In the past, wars were fought against those who opposed Christianity; the wars were fought primarily against Muslims. This is because the rise of lslam slowed down and threatened spread of Christianity. lslam under the rule of the Umayyad Caliphate spread from what is now Saudi Arabia in the Arabian Peninsula to Spain and parts of France. (The Origins of the Crusade 1) This made lslam a treat to Christianity and the Catholic Church, which was very powerful during the medieval times. The Church had enough political backing to crush anything or anyone that disobeys or treating the beliefs of the Church. Some have argued about the religious cause of the crusades and these are some of their arguments. Some argue that they were a necessary response by Christendom to the oppression of pilgrims in Muslim-controlled Jerusalem. Others claim that it was political imperialism masked by religious piety. Furthermore, others argue that it was a social release for a society that was becoming overburdened by landless nobles. (Crusades and religious violence 1) Whatever the reason, it does not change the fact that a lot of lives and property were lost in the process. The first Crusades were organized by Pope Urban II in 1095. His main aim was to take Jerusalem from the hands of those he believed were non believers. Pope Urban II helped lay the foundation for many years of bitter and violent fighting between Christianity and other religions. The Crusades were triggered by popes at that time like Pope Urban ll and Pope Eugene III who called for the second crusade (the crusades1). The crusades were also used as a form of regaining the lost lands of Christians and getting more power for the Church. The periods of the crusades were from 1905-1291 CE. In total, there were either eight or nine Crusades, depending on your view. Most historians consider the 9th Crusade to be part of the 8th. It was not only believers of other religions that suffered persecution, some Christians also suffered. Church theologians or leaders dealt with anybody who followed another religion or come up with rational thoughts that threatened Christian beliefs an example is the case of Galileo. Galileos teachings during the 17th century threatened the geocentric view of the universe. He said that the earth revolved around the sun. The church maintained that the earth was stationary and the sun and heavenly bodies revolved around it and this was an accepted fact. Thus were Galileos claims, labeled as the ranting of a heretic and he was confronted by the church leaders and told to recant his theory or face the consequences (which generally meant death). In addition, right after the civil war in the United States, the protestant-led white supremacist Ku Klux Klan members engaged in destruction of property, cross burning, beating, arson, murder rape and whipping against Jew, Catholics and African Americans and other social ethnic minorities. These are grave crimes exhibiting extreme violence and brutality. This was pure Christian radicalism. In addition The Arm of God (AOD) is an underground Christian terrorist organization active in the United States. This gr oup has been involved in anti-abortion violence such as murder, property crimes and kidnapping. All these organization believe they are fighting for the morals of their religion and in the name of God. Consequently, religious violence has lead to religious and ethnic profiling in society. The recent terrorist attacks have found to be rooted to religion and ethnicity thus causing countries to use profiling as a context for law enforcement and counter terrorism. Profiling can be defined as the use of racial, religious or ethnic stereotypes, rather than individual behavior, as a basis for making law enforcement and investigative decisions about who has been or may be involved in criminal activity. The global generalizations about a particular ethnic or religious groups propensity to commit a crime has made life difficult for people with certain ethnicity or religion. Society begins to look at such people as potential threats and this affects their daily lives at school work and social interaction. Finally, today religion is not really considered an act of violence, Christians especially Catholics are not proud of the crusades that happened in the past. This point in history, are now looked upon as a dark period In Christianity. A group of Western Christians recently formed a body, their aim is to repair the damage caused by the crusades by apologizing to the other religions that were affected during that time. But when have Christians demonstrated this love to Muslims or Jews? We have gone to them with swords and guns. We have gone to them with racism and hatred. We have gone to them with feelings of cultural superiority and economic domination. We have gone to them with colonialism and exploitation. We have even gone to them with the Gospel cloaked in arguments of superiority. Only a few have ever gone with the message of Calvary We must do more than carry the message, we must be the message Reconciliation Walk. This kind of movement helps to show that Christians are not will ing to carry out the crusade; no recent case has been heard. Todays Christians want to practice their religion without harming anybody. The same can be said for most Muslims, although some Muslims extremists are obsessed with fighting the west. I believe Muslims and Christians can live together if only they are more welcoming and try to understand each other. In addition, if they abide by the morals and holy teaching of their scriptures then there would be some level of peace and acceptance. Violence in the name of God does not make it holy nor justify it.

Coke and Pepsi

Coke and Pepsi in the Twenty-First Century: Threat of Entry:low 1. Economies of scale – High production volume but merit not clear (1st paragraph on page 2) 2. Product differentiation – Brand identification (high advertising expense, Exhibit 2) 3. Capital requirements – CPs: little capital investment (1st paragraph on page 2) – Bottlers: capital intensive (2nd paragraph on page 3) 4. Cost disadvantages independent of size – No 5. Access to distribution channels – Food stores (35%): intense shelf space pressure (2nd paragraph on page 4) – Fountain (23%): CPs dominated first food chain (1st paragraph on page 5) 6.Government policy (N/A) Threat to entry is low because Coca-Cola Company, PepsiCo, and Cadbury Schweppes control 90. 1% of the market share; 44. 1%, 31. 4%, and 14. 7% respectively. Although the growth rate of CSD consumptions have been steady at 3% a year, the capital requirement to enter the market is too great of an obstacle. In order to service the entire US, a firm would need $25-50 million to build a plant for concentrate producers, $6 billion ($75 million * 80 plants) to establish bottlers, cost associated to provide and maintain incentives to retailers, and the greatest cost to advertisements.Therefore, firms are deterred from entering the CSD market due to economies of scale couple with brand image that the firm must face. In order provide product differentiation, the entering firm would have to invest heavily to develop a brand image for CSD aside from the three market leaders. Access to distribution channels is intense in CSD industry as bottlers are fighting for shelf spaces in grocery stores. In addition, PepsiCo is in the restaurant business of owning Taco Bell, Kentucky Fried Chicken, Pizza Hut by shutting down any opportunities for other CSD firms to sell fountain drinks in those restaurants.Other CSD firms like Coca-Cola has develop a relationship with remaining market leaders of restauran t for their fountain distribution (i. e. , McDonalds and Burger King). In addition, â€Å"Soft Drink Interbrand Competition Act† in 1980 preserves the rights of Concentrate Producers to grant exclusive territories. Therefore, it would be safe to assume that there are not many competitors in the market vying for a new territory since the existing Concentrate Producers would have driven off competition out of business through their rights of exclusive territories.Cost disadvantages independent of size is high as development brand image will require high investments in advertisement and to develop a new differentiating acquired taste for CSD consumers. Substitutes:low (Non-cola beverage? ) Substitutes of CSD’s include water, juice, milk, and different types of alcohol. However, leading CSD’s have branch out their products to water and juice to capture the market shares of CSD’s substitutes. Other leading substitutes to CSD’s are milk, coffee, and alco hol beverages. These substitutes are generally different complement beverages than the CSD’s.Coffee and alcohol beverages are geared towards adults only and milk is gear towards breakfast meal consumptions with cereal. Complements: Complements to CSD’s are food. CSD firms have made relationships with retailers of food (i. e. , grocery stores, gas stations). In addition, firms have made relationships with restaurants to complement their products with food. Since food is something that everyone consumes several times a day, CSD companies have a great opportunity to maximize their presence in different distribution methods. Buyers:low 1. large volume?Some buyers might buy in large volume but not found in the case 2. standard or undifferentiated? No 3. NA for this case 4. low profits? – Food stores: No, average (5th paragraph on page 4) – Fountains: extremely profitable, 80 cents out of one dollar (1st paragraph on page 5) 5. unimportant? No 6. does not save buyers’ money? (N/A) 7. credible threat? No Buyer groups are not powerful against CPs and bottlers. Therefore, there is no significant bargaining power from buyer side in CSD industry. This situation contributes to maintain high profit of CPs and bottlers. (Reasons) 1.Because there are various retail channels, CPs and bottlers do not face the single retailer with power which purchases in large volume. 2. In general, selling CSDs yields high profit for retailers. (15-20% gross margin for food store, 80 cents out of one dollar for fountain. ) That fact prevents buyers to be price sensitive. 3. In fountain business, CPs and bottlers kept fountain sales profitable and succeeded to avoid cutting price pressure from retailers by paying rebate and investing restaurant retailers. 4. In food store, CSD represented a large percentage of its business (accounting for 3%-4% of food store business).To draw customers to store, it should be necessary for food store to carry the most selling brand in CSD, Coke and Pepsi. This structure weakens food store’s bargaining power. 5. Vending machine is efficient retail channel for keeping price because bottlers can directly control. It also works in the country where Coke and Pepsi do not have distribution channel(ex. Japan). 6. Coke and Pepsi have already established strong brand identification. Some discount retailers have private label CSD but they can not take the place of Coke and Pepsi.Internal Rivalry: high 1. numerous? roughly equal? – numerous: No, oligopoly – roughly equal: Yes – price increase, oligopoly (4th paragraph on page 11) 2. Industry growth – plateau (Exhibit 3) 3. lacks differentiation? – try to differentiate by marketing (5th paragraph on page11) 4. High fixed costs? 5. Capacity augments? Capacity itself not clearly mentioned in the case but; early 1990s: Yes? incurred excess supply? (1st paragraph on page 11, Exhibit 1) late 1990s: 6. High exit barrier? – Yes? capital intensive? 7. rivals diverse in strategies? – No?Coca-Cola and Pepsi’s history of intense rivalry has resulted in the execution of a large number of strategies designed to gain market share and brand recognition. As the industry matures and Coca-Cola and Pepsi learn from past strategies, increased profitability heavily relies on their ability to cut costs, gain fountain contracts, globally expand product mix, and vertically integrate bottler distribution channels. Traditional strategic initiatives such as new product development, advertising, price reduction, and product differentiation will produce minimal results considering Coca-cola and Pepsi are similar in size and power.Coca Cola and Pepsi’s ability to quickly respond to competitor strategies generally lead to industry wars where neither firm is better off then when they started. While it is important to continually maintain brand awareness and pursue various market trends, large gains in prof itability will ensue from strategies that create a sustainable competitive advantage. It is more advantageous for Coca-Cola and Pepsi to invest in strategies that increase the industry demand versus short term profit. Such strategies include but are not limited to, entering developing countries, key acquisitions of growing businesses (i. Yahoo, Diageo, Arista Records, or Starbucks), and increased efforts to vertically integrate bottler distribution channels. Key acquisitions are important in that they can provide the means in which each company can redefine their brand name as more then a â€Å"cola†. Successful examples are Sony, Disney, and GE. Suppliers:low 1. dominated? Metal cans: excess supply (1st paragraph on page 6) 2. unique? not unique 3. obliged to contend? (N/A) 4. credible threats? No 5. important customer? Metal can: largest customer (1st paragraph on page 6) Coke and Pepsi COKE AND PEPSI LEARN TO COMPETE IN INDIABrief Overview:The case of Coke and Pepsi in India is a lesson that all marketers can observe, analyze and learn from, since it involves so many marketing aspects that are essential for all marketers to take into considerationPepsi entered into the Indian beverage market in July 1986 as a joint venture with two local partners, Voltas and Punjab Agro, forming â€Å"Pepsi Foods Ltd. † While Coca-Cola followed suit in 1990 with a joint venture with Britannia Industries India before creating a 100% owned company in 1993 and then ultimately aligning with Parle, the leader in the beverage industry.As both companies would soon discover, â€Å"competing in India requires special knowledge, skills, and local expertise what works here does not always work there. † (Cateora & Graham, 2008, p. 604). In this article, analyze the primary obstacle to Pepsi and Coca-Cola’s success, discuss their strategies to cope with the issue, and ultim ately propose my own suggestions to improvement. Question 1: The political environment in India has proven to be critical to company performance for both PepsiCo and Coca-Cola India. What specific aspects of the political environment have played key roles? Could these effects have been anticipated prior to market entry? If not, could developments in the political arena have been handle better by each company?Indian government viewed as unfriendly to foreign investors. Outside investment had been allowed only in high-tech sectors and was almost entirely prohibited in consumer goods sectors. The â€Å"Principle of indigenous available† If an item could be obtained anywhere else within the country, imports of similar items were forbidden.This made Indian consumers had a little choice of products or brands and no guarantees of quality or reliability.Indian Laws, the government mandated that Pepsi’s products be promoted under the â€Å"Lehar Pepsi† name. For Coca-Cola, they attempted to enter into Indian market by joining with Parle and became â€Å"Coca-Cola India†Yes, it could anticipate the effect prior to market by using information fro m own company research, the business partner in that country, the expertise service, and own experience in near area. They could developments in political arena; Coke could agreed to start new bottling plants instead of buying out Parle, and thus wouldn’t agreed to sell 40% of their equityQuestion 2: Timing of entry into the Indian market brought different results for PepsiCo and Coca-Cola India. What benefits or disadvantages accrued as a result of earlier or later market entry? PepsiCo: Pros: (1) entered the market before Coca-Cola and getting an early entry was able to help Pepsi go so far with Indian market while it was still developing; (2) the fact that company gained 26%market share by 1993 Cons: (1) The government mandated that Pepsi’s product be promoted under the name â€Å"Lehar Pepsi†, because foreign collaboration rules in force at the time prohibited the use of foreign brand names on products intended for sale inside India; (2) Indian Govt limited their soft drink sale no exceed 25% of total sales for the new entrant; (3) Pepsi Foods struggled to fight off local competitions. Coca – Cola: Pros: (1) have ability to align themselves with the market leader. In fact, Parle offered to sell Coca – Cola its bottling plants in four key cities, and (2) Parle also offered to sell its leading brands. (3) Finally, Coca – Cola set up two new ventures with Frooti, Soda, and local product was called â€Å"Britco Foods† Cons: (1) was denied entry until 1993 because Pepsi was already there; (2) It was very difficult for Coca – Cola take market share away from Pepsi and local firms, due to the beverage market was itself growing consistently form year to year; (3) Coca –Cola was not allowed to buy back 40% of equity when the company chose to leave Indian market in 1977 Question 7: What lessons can each company draw from its Indian experience as it contemplates entry into other Big Emerging Markets? PepsiCo:Beneficial to keep with local tasteSignificant to follow market trendsSponsors and Celebrity appeals make more exceptional advertisingIt pays to keep up with emerging trends in the marketCoca – Cola:Pays specific attention to deals made with the governmentEstablish a good business relationship with the governmentInvestment in quality productsAdvertising is essentialBeneficial to follow market trends